Advanced technical products in automotive, battery, aircraft and medical industries require clean components.
Industrials standards like VDA Vol. 19 and ISO 16232 are the frameworks for technical cleanliness.

Blocking of Bearings

Blocking of valves

Blocking of nozzles

Short circuit

Extract the particles (the dirt) from the part or component by use of fluid

Filter the fluid by pouring it through a filtermembrane

Remove the filter from the filteration equipment.
(Usually it will be dried in an oven).

Cleanliness is measured by analyzing filter membranes which contain the residual dirt.
What are the largest particles found ?
What is the size distribution of particles ?
What kind of particles are on the filter ? Metallic, Nonmetallic, Fibers.

JOMESA mesh filters: Manufactured laser cut filters in cleanroom environment with controlled blank values

Battery manufacturing requires a precisely controlled production environment

Use self adhesive particle traps placed next to the production line

JOMESA particle traps: Manufactured in cleanroom environment with controlled blank values

Self adhesive particle stamps

JOMESA particle stamps: Manufactured in cleanroom environment with controlled blank values

Microscopic analysis of filter membranes, particle traps and particle stamps can answer the questions about sizes, metallic and nonmetallic type as well as fiber type.

Automated, microscopic particle counting started around the year 2000 and is the major method for filter analysis.
The first automated system from JOMESA was installed in 2001 and meanwhile many thousand systems analyzing technical cleanliness in labs worldwide.

JOMESA HFD is the unquestioned market leader in microscopic filter analysis.

JOMESA HFD: (High Focal Depth) cleanliness analysis systems

Critical regions of motor blocks: piston areas, oil pressurized area.
Scratches in the piston areas reduce fuel consumption efficiency and increase exhaust of oil and carbohydrates.

Exhaust is correlated with smooth (unscratched) surfaces

Battery cell housing and components

Impurities in components (cells, connectors etc.)

Contamination during production process (collected by particle traps)

Magnetic rod.

Impurities in battery raw material (probed by magnetic rod techniques)

Bearings (between crankshaft and motor block) must be lead free in modern cars because of recycling requirements.
Lead free bearings and shells are harder and cannot embed dirt particles. Thus they are much less tolerant against dirt particles

Recycle laws demand lead free products (less dirt tolerant)

All parts in the oil wetted or oil pressurized area like camshafts, cogs, chains..
Especially when parts connect big forces and high velocities, dirt particles are not allowed. They can lead to a failure of the system (worst case), but noise, livetime and smooth running are also effected.

Cleanliness and system life times are correlated

Large residue particles (killer particles) may cause function loss

All springs, screws contribute to the residual dirt sum.
By specifying the particle count per area (per 1000 cm²), the correct proportional contribution is evaluated.

Fuel injection components. High pressurized Diesel rails, injections valves. These parts are extremely sensitive to dirt.

Historically these components were amoung the first parts in automotive where cleanliness by particle count and size was specified.

Turbocharger:
With rpm in the thousands every tiny particle can cause big damage

Noise is correlated with smooth surfaces

ABS/ESB components. Tiny tolerances and high pressures in the pressure controlling block components lead to stringent dirt specifications.

Historically these components were amoung the first parts in automotive where cleanliness by particle count and size was specified.

Power steering systems work with high pressure and small valve openings. They are all dirt sensitive.